Civil War Union Events


The Union military became the bare thread that was called by President Lincoln to hold a nation together.

There are a total of (947) Civil War Union Events events in the CivilWarTimeline.net database. Entries are listed below by date-of-occurrence ascending (first-to-last). Other leading and trailing events are also included for perspective.

Day-by-Day Timeline of Events


December 26, 1860

U.S. Major Robert Anderson evacuates Fort Moultrie and his garrison relocates to Fort Sumter.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 1, 1861

Based in San Francisco, the Department of the Pacific is created for the U.S. Army.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 3, 1861

Delaware votes to remain in the Union despite its position as a slave state.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 4, 1861

Event person portrait
President James Buchanan, in light of the impending war between North and South, calls for a Day of Special Humiliation, Fasting and Prayer.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 6, 1861

Event person portrait
New York mayor, Fernando Wood, calls for New York city to secede from the Union in an effort to remain neutral for the upcoming conflict.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 8, 1861

A U.S. Army garrison stationed at Fort Barrancas (Pensacola, Florida) turns back an attempted assault to take the fort.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 9, 1861

The steamer "Star of the West", laden with supplies and en route to Fort Sumter in Charleston (South Carolina), is fired upon by land-based cannons.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 12, 1861

Floridian state forces claim the U.S. Navy Yard at Pensacola.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 12, 1861

Star of the West, a steamer having delivered supplies to Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, returns to New York with her battle-damaged hull resulting from a Confederate attack.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 29, 1861

Kansas is officially brought into the Union holding non-slave state status.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 29, 1861

Event person portrait
John Dix, the acting United States Secretary of the Treasury, orders authorities in New Orleans to shoot anyone attempting to bring down the American flag.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 4, 1861

In an effort to settle the issue of slavery, representatives of some twenty-one states meet in Washington, D.C. to form the Washington Peace Conference. The conference runs until February 27th.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 11, 1861

Event person portrait
President-elect Abraham Lincoln departs Springfield, Illinois.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 21, 1861

President-elect Abraham Lincoln makes a stop in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is made aware of an assassination plot against his life. In response a special train journey is arranged for him to Washington, D.C.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 23, 1861

Abraham Lincoln, President-elect of the United States, has his inaugural photograph taken at Matthew Brady's studio.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


March 2, 1861

Event person portrait
Tennessee state senator Andrew Johnson makes the declaration that any who opposed the Union would be hanged if he were President. Johnson will one day lead the nation as its 17th President.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 4, 1861

Abraham Lincoln is officially inaugurated as the next President of the United States, succeeding James Buchanan.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 5, 1861

Event person portrait
Three Confederate representatives arrive in Washington, D.C. but their status is not acknowledged by Secretary of State William Seward.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 6, 1861

President Lincoln notifies the government of South Carolina that general supplies will be sent to Fort Sumter at Charleston Harbor - he gives his assurances that any strengthening of the position will only be made if the Fort is in danger of attack.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 11, 1861

Event person portrait
General P.G.T. Beauregard, a Confederate officer, calls for Fort Sumter to surrender. Commanding Union Major Robert Anderson refuses his demand.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 12, 1861

With the refusal by Union forces at Fort Sumter to surrender their post, Confederate forces begin their ranged bombardment of the island.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 12, 1861

At 4:30AM, a gun from Fort Johnson fires a star shell that detonates above Fort Sumter. This is the signal for the surrounding gun batteries to begin shelling the Union-held fort.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 12, 1861

At 7:00AM, the guns of Fort Sumter return fire against Confederate positions in Charleston Harbor.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
AprilI 13, 1861

Event person portrait
Fort Sumpter is surrendered by Union Major Anderson to Confederate forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 13, 1861

Event person portrait
USS Sabine blockades the Confederate port at Pensacola, Florida.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 13, 1861

At 2:30AM, Major Robert Anderson surrenders Fort Sumter to the Confederacy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 14, 1861

Having surrendered, Union forces abandon Fort Sumter.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 15, 1861

President Lincoln calls for a special session of Congress to discuss the growing rebellion in the south.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 15, 1861

President Lincoln pushes for 75,000 soldiers who will each serve three-month tenures.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 16, 1861

With the stroke of a pen, President Lincoln abolishes the practice of slavery in Washington, D.C.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


April 16, 1861

President Lincoln calls on all states in the Union to cease doing business with those southern states that have moved to secede.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 16, 1861

Event person portrait
Union forces leave and burn the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia resulting in the loss of thousands of rifles.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 18, 1861

Event person portrait
Robert E. Lee declines an offer by President Lincoln to command the United States Army.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 18, 1861

The 6th Massachusetts Regiment arrives in New York City.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 19, 1861

President Lincoln calls on all southern ports to be blockaded, the territories in question being the lower East Coast all the way to the Gulf of Mexico.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 19, 1861

The New York 7th Regiment begins their march to Washington, D.C. to help bolster defenses there.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

To avoid further clashes with troops, Baltimore formally asks President Lincoln to refrain from having military forces pass through the city.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

Robert E. Lee, then a Colonel, resigns his position within the United States Army.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

Union forces destroy a section of the Norfolk Navy Yard in Virginia before abandoning it.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

A resolution is passed in Union Square (New York) calling for citizens to band together and help save the nation from destruction.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

Telegraphs are confiscated by the United States government to help identify those that would cause harm to the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 20, 1861

American citizens are arrested throughout Baltimore, Boston and New York without due process - brought about by warrants issued under the name of the United States Secretary of State.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 21, 1861

Event person portrait
General Benjamin Butler, a Union officer, arrives at Annapolis, Maryland with his forces. However Governor Thomas Hicks takes offense to northern elements present in the state.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 22, 1861

The United States government moves in to take over the now-vacated estate of Robert E. Lee, known as "Arlington House". The estate sat on the Potomac River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 22, 1861

Lieutenant Joseph Wheeler, an officer in the United States Army, resigns his position to join the ranks of the south.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


April 24, 1861

Event person portrait
USS Niagra, having arrived from Japan, is dispatched to the Charleston Harbor (South Carolina) area near Fort Sumter.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 27, 1861

President Lincoln adds east coast ports in Virginia and North Carolina to the existing naval blockade action of the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 29, 1861

The state of Maryland votes to remain in the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 3, 1861

President Lincoln asks Congress for additional troops for three-year terms - hoping to bolster the ranks of the Army and Navy services. Some 42,000 volunteer forces are required.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 6, 1861

Arkansas becomes the latest state to secede from the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 10, 1861

Union elements take militia forces at Camp Jackson outside of St. Louis, Missouri. The action causes riots to break out.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 11, 1861

Event person portrait
U.S. Army General George McClellan is set in charge of the Department of the Ohio covering the states of Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania (western) and Virginia (western).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 13, 1861

Union forces, under the command of Benjamin Butler, take Baltimore, Maryland.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 14, 1861

Event person portrait
William Tecumseh Sherman is named a Colonel in the U.S. Army's 13th Infantry Regiment.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 14, 1861

Both Fort McHenry and Baltimore, Maryland are occupied by troops under the direction of General Benjamin Butler.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 24, 1861

Union forces cross the Ohio River into Virginia. Part of their mission is to secure forces loyal to the north found in the eastern part of the state.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 2, 1861

CSS Savannah manages to beat the Union blockade of Charleston Harbor and escape to open water.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 3, 1861

En route from Cuba and laden with a cargo hold of sugar, USS Joseph is intercepted and captured by CSS Savannah.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 3, 1861

USS Perry manages to capture CSS Savannah and her crew intact. The prize is relocated to New York waters.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 3, 1861

In the war's first contact battle between the two sides, Union forces claim the victory over Confederate elements at Philippi in West Virginia. The retreat of the Confederates, under General Robert Garnett, is so fast the engagement is known as the "Philippi Races".

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


June 8, 1861

The state of Tennessee formally secedes from the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 8, 1861

The Kentucky government keeps its military forces neutral in the ongoing - and growing - conflict between the north and south.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 9, 1861

Mary Ann Bickerdyke begins her tenure as a wartime nurse for the north. Her contributions would go on to include establishment of 300 field hospitals and post-war support of veterans.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 10, 1861

In the war's first complete pitched battle, the Confederates claim the victory over the Union at Big Bethel, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 10, 1861

Captain Judson Kilpatrick becomes the first Union officer wounded in the conflict, this after Union forces are repulsed at Big Bethel, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 11, 1861

Union loyalists in Western Virginia arrange their own local government. The work lasts through June 19th.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 13, 1861

In order to improve conditions for injured and recovering troops, the United States Sanitary Commission is established in the north.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 15, 1861

Event person portrait
Jefferson City, Missouri - the state's capital - is claimed by Union forces under the command of Captain Nathaniel Lyon.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 17, 1861

Confederate forces claim the victory in a skirmish against Union forces at Vienna, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 17, 1861

Captain Lyon leads his victorious Union forces against opposing militia at Boonville, Missouri in what becomes the Battle of Boonville. Losses are light for both sides and helps the Union maintain control of the Missouri River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 17, 1861

Ulysses S. Grant of the Union Army achieves the rank of Colonel and named to the 21st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 27, 1861

Union numbers defending the Union capital of Washington, D.C. now number close to 40,000 men.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 2, 1861

President Lincoln suspends "writ of habeas corpus" in unique circumstances - the writ allowing a person the right to report an unlawful detention or imprisonment before a court.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 11, 1861

Union forces are victorious over Condeferate elements at Rich Mountain in West Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 16, 1861

Forces under the command of Union General Irvin McDowell are on the march from Washington, D.C. towards Manassas, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


July 18, 1861

Contact is made between opposing sides at Blackburns' Ford, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 20, 1861

Union commander Irvin McDowell moves his 10,000 men from Centreville in two forces moving west and south westward. His intention is to flank the left side of the Confederate army.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

At 8:30AM, Confederate forces at Stone Bridge are made aware of the Union presence at Sudley Road. Confederate General N.G. Evans moves his units to cover any Union retreat.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

Confederate General N.G. Evans and his men meet Union forces in battle.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

Finding themselves outnumbered, General Evans and his force retreats to Henry House Hill under the Federal pressure.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

The front lines repeatedly change hands in the battle as both sides make - and lose - progress.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

Confederate forces withdraw from their positions at Henry House Hill.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

Confederate General Thomas Jackson brings in fresh troops ready-to-fight.

  Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1861

At 4:00PM the Confederates manage to force Union parties into retreat back towards Centreville.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 22, 1861

Event person portrait
Confederate forces claim the first major victory of the war at the "Battle of First Manassas" - known to the north as the "First Battle of Bull Run". The war spanned just one day but resulted in tens of thousands of casualties including nearly 2,000 for the Confederates and over 2,700 for the Union. The battle also marks the war's first photographic images - these taken by Matthew Brady.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 22, 1861

General George McClellan is handed control of the Division of the Potomac near Washington, D.C. by President Lincoln.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 22, 1861

The United States Congress pushes through a resolution that declares the raging war to be about the preservation of the Union and not the ending of slavery.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 22, 1861

After heavy losses incurred by both sides, the Battle of Bull Run is over. Federal forces retreat hastily back towards the safety of Washington, D.C.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 27, 1861

Having assumed his new post near Washington, D.C., Union General George McClellan arranges the Army of the Potomac.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 30, 1861

Event person portrait
Union General Benjamin Butler pens a letter to Simon Cameron, the United States Secretary of War, explaining his refusal to return any fleeing slaves - considering them materials to be claimed by the conquerors.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


August 2, 1861

General George McClellan forms an agreement with reporters and photographers offering military telegraph services in exchange for limited publishing of Union details.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 3, 1861

For the first time in warfare a reconnaissance balloon is used by Union forces to assess Confederate positions. The balloon is launched from USS Fanny at Hampton Roads to observe the enemy at Sewell's Point, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 3, 1861

Union warships open fire on Confederate positions at Galveston, Texas.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 3, 1861

William T. Sherman, then a colonel in the Union ranks, is promoted to Brigadier General.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 5, 1861

The federal government issues the first-ever income tax to help finance the Union war effort.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 6, 1861

The Second Confiscation Act is passed by the United States Congress. Details include forfeiting of slaves should one be caught aiding the Confederate war effort.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 6, 1861

Having completed much-needed work, the United States Congress ends its special session.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 7, 1861

Colonel Ulysses S. Grant is named Brigadier General in command of volunteer forces at Cairo, Illinois.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 10, 1861

The Battle of Wilson's Creek in Missouri is won by Confederate forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 10, 1861

Event person portrait
Union General Nathaniel Lyon is killed during the Battle of Wilson's Creek in Missouri. He becomes the first Union general to be slain.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
August 23, 1861

Event person portrait
House arrest is the verdict handed to Rose O'Neal Greenhow. She was accused of spying for Confederate forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 29, 1861

Union forces take Fort Hatteras in North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 29, 1861

Union forces take Fort Clark in North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 29, 1861

The Hatteras Inlet of North Carolina is claimed by Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 30, 1861

Event person portrait
Missouri slaves of owners supporting the Confederacy are freed by Union General John C. Fremont after he announces martial law in the state.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


September 4, 1861

General Grant and his forces move into Paducah, Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 5, 1861

In an effort to elevate care for the Union wounded in the Western Theater, the Western Sanitary Commission is established in St. Louis, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 7, 1861

Ship Island, off the coast of Biloxi, Mississippi, is claimed by Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 10, 1861

Confederate forces enact a retreat of Carnifex Ferry in West Virginia

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 10, 1861

Event person portrait
Union General William Rosecrans is wounded at the fighting in Carnifex, West Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 11, 1861

The state government of Kentucky calls for the removal of Confederate troops from its soil. The demand falls on deaf ears.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 11, 1861

Confederate General Robert E. Lee attempts to take Union positions at Cheat Mountain in West Virginia. This marks Lee's first major foray in the war.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 12, 1861

Confederate-aligned state forces of Missouri begin a siege of Lexington.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 13, 1861

General Lee's assault on Cheat Mountain is a failure.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 13, 1861

President Lincoln turns down a request by Chicago-area group to issue an emancipation proclamation. The president is convinced the action would sway border states to the Confederate cause.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 13, 1861

Forces from the frigate USS Colorado burn an enemy ship during a raid on Pensacola, Florida. The group is led by Lieutenant J.H. Russel.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 17, 1861

Ships of the United States Navy move in to secure Ship Island off the coast of Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
October 1, 1861

Confederate Navy forces capture USS Fanny.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 1, 1861

Confederate generals request 20,000 additional troops to take Maryland. Their request is denied by President Jefferson Davis.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 2, 1861

To avoid arrest as a traitor, United States Senator John C. Breckinridge escapes Kentucky to join the Confederate cause.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


November 7, 1861

Union forces take Port Royal Harbor in south Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 8, 1861

A Confederate force raids a Union camp at Santa Rosa Island (Pensacola).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 9, 1861

Union troops manage to push back a Confederate attack targeting supplies on Santa Rosa Island in Pensacola Harbor, Florida.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 13, 1861

Confederate General Turner Ashby's forces raid Harpers Ferry in Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 21, 1861

Confederate forces successfully intercept a traveling Union force at Ball's Bluff, Leesburg, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 21, 1861

Colonel Joseph Plummer leads a Union force to victory over the enemy at Frederickstown in Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 21, 1861

U.S. Army Colonel Edward Baker, a longtime and close friend of President Lincoln, is killed at Ball's Bluff, Virginia. He becomes the only sitting senator to be killed in action during the war.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
October 22, 1861

Union Colonel Joseph Plummer is promoted to the rank of Brigadier General.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
October 24, 1861

Tennessean William Brownlow releases the final edition of the newspaper "Knoxville Whig" which has stood in support of anti-secession.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 31, 1861

The "Rebel Legislature" of Missouri votes to secede from the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 7, 1861

The Battle of Belmont is fought on Missouri soil. It marks the first major engagement for Union General Ulysses S. Grant. A force of about 5,000 Confederates square off against 3,114 Union in Mississippi County, Missouri. It is a Confederate victory but gives Grant much-needed experience in field command.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 7, 1861

Confederate forces, including generals Leonidas Poke and Gideon Pillow, are victorious against a Union force under the command of General Grant at Belmont, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 8, 1861

USS San Jacinto captures the British mail steamer "Trent" en route from Havana to Europe - aboard are a pair of Confederate commissioners, James Mason and John Slidell.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 11, 1861

The Union ship G.W. Parke Curtis releases an observation balloon to spy on Confederate positions off the Potomac River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 12, 1861

A Scottish-built merchant ship, the "Fingal", acquired in England by Confederate agents, successfully runs the Union blockade at Savannah to deliver much-needed supplies.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


November 18, 1861

At Russellville, Kentucky, some authorities gather to vote for independence. George Johnson is named its new governor.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 18, 1861

Author and poet Julia Ward Howe witnesses a review of Union troops outside of Washington, D.C. inspiring her to produce a new work.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
November 19, 1861

Julia Ward Howe pens "The Battle Hymn of the Republic". The poem is written to the song "John Brown's Body".

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
November 23, 1861

Union defenders at Fort Pickens on Santa Rosa Island in Pensacola, Florida push back a rebel force attempting to overtake their positions.

November 26, 1861

Dranesvill, Virginia sees a Union victory as cavalry forces from both sides go head-to-head in one of the war's smaller battles - the Battle of Dranesville.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 1, 1861

By this time, Union infantry numbers in Kentucky swell to 70,000 men.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 2, 1861

In the next meeting of the United States Congress, President Lincoln calls for a new railroad to be constructed to help in the Union war effort.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 2, 1861

Union fighting strength numbers some 661,000 men by this date.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 10, 1861

Union General Albin Shoepf's forces are run out of Somerset (Kentucky) by a Confederate force led by General Felix Zollicoffer,

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 20, 1861

Near Dranesville, Virginia, Union forces of the Army of the Potomac (led by General Edward Ord) are victorious over General Jeb Stuart and his Confederate elements.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 26, 1861

To avoid war with Britain, Confederate-aligned commissioners captured two months earlier on the British ship "Trent" are released.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 28, 1861

The Battle of Sacramento is fought in Sacramento, Kentucky. 500 Confederates square off against 200 to 300 Union troops. The battle ends as a Confederate victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 1, 1862

The Confederate commissioners captured on the British steamer Trent continue their voyage to Europe - ending the "Trent Affair".

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 1, 1862

Union General John Schofield pens a letter to his soldiers to refrain from destruction, plunder and theft of civilian property.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 8, 1862

Both forces meet through cavalry clashes in Charleston, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


January 9, 1862

The New Orleans Campaign begins.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 9, 1862

David G. Farragut, a Union Flag Officer, is given command of the Western Gulf Blockading Squadron.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 11, 1862

Edwin M. Stanton is named the new Secretary of War by President Lincoln.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 12, 1862

Confederate Navy forces attempt to unseat Union ships at New Orleans.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 14, 1862

"Battle Hymn of the Republic" is published for the first time, this in the New York Herald Tribune.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 16, 1862

Seven gunboats are commissioned into formal service by the Union Navy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 19, 1862

Union forces are victorious over the Confederates at Logan Cross Roads (Mill Springs) in Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 20, 1862

The first ironclad is named USS Monitor by its designer John Ericcson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 27, 1862

In an effort to stir General McClellan to action, President Lincoln announces a deadline of February 22 for an all-out advance of Union forces against confederate positions.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 30, 1862

The USS Monitor is officially launched to sea.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 31, 1862

The United States government forms the United States Military Railroads system.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 4, 1862

USS Tuscarora fails to corral CSS Sumter at Southampton, England.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 4, 1862

Event person portrait
En route to Fort Heiman and Fort Henry down the Tennessee River, Union General Grant arrives at Camp Halleck with his forces. General McClernand's division disembarks along the eastern shore out of range of Fort Henry's guns.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 5, 1862

Event person portrait
General Grant has General Charles F. Smith's division disembark along the western shore of the Tennessee River in preparation for the assaults on Fort Heiman and Fort Henry dowriver.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 6, 1862

Event person portrait
Union General McClernand is ordered by General Grant to begin his march towards Fort Henry at 11:00AM.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


February 6, 1862

At 11:00AM, General Smith's forces begin their march against Fort Heiman along the Tennessee River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 6, 1862

Union Flag Officer Foote leads his gunboat flotilla against Fort Henry. The action takes place from 11:00AM until about 1:55PM and is in concert with land movements of General McClernand and General Smith under General Grant.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 6, 1862

At 6:00PM on this date, General Grant's troops finally claim (through occupation) Fort Henry on the Tennessee River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 6, 1862

Fort Henry, along the Tennessee River in Tennessee, falls to forces under the combine efforts of land and naval forces under the direction of General Grant. He then turns his attention eastward towards enemy-held Fort Donelson along the Cumberland River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 8, 1862

The Union Navy is victorious over Confederate forces at Roanoke Island in North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 8, 1862

Event person portrait
Union Flag Officer Foote dispatches three of his river gunboats up the Tennessee River for raiding actions. He retains some four boats for local work.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 10, 1862

Confederate forces of the "Mosquito Fleet" fall to elements of the Union Navy near Elizabeth City, North Carolina as part of the Battle of Elizabeth City. The Mosquito Fleet was originally in service to the state and later passed to the Confederate Navy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 11, 1862

General Grant orders an advanced force to begin their march towards Fort Donelson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 12, 1862

Despite the combined strength of General McClernand and Smith's divisions, General Grant is forced to stop within twelve miles of Fort Donelson as he remains outnumbered.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 13, 1862

Forces under the command of Union General Ulysses S. Grant begin their attack to take Fort Donelson along the Tennessee River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 13, 1862

Without order from General Grant, both General McClernand and General Smith launch unsuccessful attacks against Fort Donelson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 14, 1862

General Henry Halleck's Union forces move into Springfield, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 14, 1862

Under heavy and accurate fire, Union Flag Officer Foote's gunboat floatilla are repelled by the guns of Fort Donelson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 14, 1862

Union forces under Lew Wallace arrive at Fort Donelson from Fort Heiman and are further reinforced by fresh troops transport via the river Cumberland. With three divisions now formed under General Grant, he holds numerical superiority against the defenders at Fort Donelson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 16, 1862

Union General Grant is victorious at Fort Donelson along the Tennessee River in Tennessee. 14,000 prisoners are taken after the General demands an "unconditional and immediate surrender" of the enemy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


February 17, 1862

General Ulysses S. Grant is promoted to the rank of Major General (of volunteers) (from the rank of Brigadier General).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 20, 1862

Willie Lincoln, son of the President of the United States, succumbs to fever at the age of eleven.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 20, 1862

Union Captain David Farragut arrives outside of New Orleans, Louisiana with his naval forces in tow. He takes up position at Ship Island near Biloxi, Mississippi. This is part of the campaign to retake the strategically important port city.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 20, 1862

The Battle of Valverde begins pitting 3,000 union troops against 2,590 confederates in New Mexico Territory. Confederate General Henry Hopkins Sibley leads with General Thomas Green against Edward Canby. They are supported by Texas cavalry as well as land militia forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 21, 1862

The Battle of Valverde ends in a Confederate victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 22, 1862

Camp Morton in the state of Indianapolis receives its first batch of Confederate Prisoners of War (PoW).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
February 23, 1862

Union troops enter Nashville, Tennessee.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
February 28, 1862

The Battle of Island Number Ten (New Madrid, Missouri) begins. Union forces are led by John Pope and Andrew Footer against Confederate foes headed by John McCown and William Mackall. Six Union gunboats are aided by eleven mortar rafts, facing a Confederate force of 7,000.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 3, 1862

Union naval forces take Fernandina in Florida.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 3, 1862

General N.H. McLean in St. Louis, Missouri declares that all Confederate supporters will be hung "...as robbers and murderers..."

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 5, 1862

USS Monitor departs New York waters.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 6, 1862

To assuage Union border states, President Lincoln pushes for compensation to slave owners who end up losing their slaves.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 6, 1862

Event person portrait
The Battle of Pea Ridge begins. It involves Confederate-aligned Cherokee units. 10,500 Union elements face off against 16,500 confederates in northwestern Arkansas. Among those in the Union ranks is "Wild Bill" Hickok.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

The Battle of Pea Ridge ends as a Union victory. 1,384 Union personnel are killed against 2,000 Confederate losses.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

Union cavalry forces near Nashville, Tennessee, under the command of Colonel John H Morgan conduct a series of raids on enemy positions.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


March 8, 1862

In the Battle of Hampton Roads, Virginia, CSS Virginia tangled with Union Navy forces n an effort to help unseat the Blockade.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

Arriving from Norfolk, CSS Virginia enters Hampton Roads at about 1PM.

  Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

USS Cumberland is rammed and sunk by CSS Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

USS Congress is set alight by CSS Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

While attempting maneuver, USS Minnesota is run aground.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 8, 1862

At 9:00PM, USS Monitor arrives on the seen and takes up position near USS Minnesota.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 9, 1862

In waters off of Hampton Roads, Virginia, CSS Virginia squares off against USS Monitor in naval history's first duel between two ironclad warships. The engagement ends in a draw.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 9, 1862

Already having been burning for hours, USS Congress explodes at 12:30AM.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 9, 1862

At 7:00AM CSS Virginia departs Norfolk and heads to Hampton Roads to finish off USS Minnesota.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 9, 1862

CSS Virginia is met by USS Monitor in what would come to be known as the "Battle of the Monitor and the Merrimack". Merrimack was the former name of CSS Virginia prior to her conversion as a Confederate ironclad.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 9, 1862

Fighting between USS Monitor and CSS Virginia continues until 12:15PM at which point CSS Virginia withdraws. The battle, for all its importance to both sides, is labeled indecisive as little headway is made for either party. The Battle of Hampton Roads is over.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 10, 1862

Confederate General Joseph Johnson pulls his forces out of Manassas, wary of the threat posed by General McClellan's forces in the area.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 11, 1862

Having grown tired of General McClellan's inaction to this point in the war, President Lincoln moves to take the General's title of General-in-Chief away. McClellan continues to lead as commander of the Army of the Potomac.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 11, 1862

Union General Henry Halleck is named in charge of the Department of the Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 14, 1862

The Battle of New Bern is had in Craven County, North Carolina. 11,000 Union soldiers are supported by fourteen gunboats against a Confederate Army showcasing 4,000 troops and single cavalry regiment. The result is a Union victory with minimal losses on both sides.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


March 14, 1862

Union forces claim New Madrid, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 14, 1862

New Bern, North Carolina falls to a combined Union land-naval force led by General Ambrose Burnside.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 15, 1862

To better handle the ongoing war situation covering Florida, Georgia and South Carolina, Union authorities establish the Department of the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
March 17, 1862

CSS Nashville manages to break through the Union blockade at Beaufort, Florida.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 17, 1862

Union General George McClellan begins marching his army towards the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 23, 1862

At a battle site in Kernstown, Virginia, Confederate forces led by Stonewall Jackson are repelled.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 23, 1862

The First Battle of Kernstown (Winchester, Virginia) is had. This one-day engagement sees a Union force numbering between 6,350 and 9,000 against a Confederate force of 3,000 to 4,200. Both sides gain the advantage as the Union claim a tactical victory and the Confederates a strategic one. Casualties number 590 for the North and 718 for the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 26, 1862

The Battle of Glorieta Pass is fought between 1,300 Union troops and 1,100 Confederates. The engagement is a two-day affair spanning from March 26th until March 28th and leads to a Union Victory in northern New Mexico Territory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 28, 1862

General Henry Sibley is forced to retreat from his postions at Santa Fe.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
March 31, 1862

The Department of the South falls under the charge of Union General David Hunter.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 4, 1862

Gneeral John Pope's Union forces at New Madrid, Missouri, complete the construction of a canal intended to bypass Confederate firepower along the Mississippi River at Island Number Ten.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 4, 1862

The Peninsular Campaign begins under the leadership of Union General George McClellan (Army of the Potomac). The target is the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. By April 30th, Union forces will number 115,350 strong against an estimated force of up to 100,000 Confederates.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 5, 1862

General McClellan's Army of the Potomac begins the siege of Confederate-held Yorktown in Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 6, 1862

The Battle of Shiloh begins in Hardin County, Tennessee. Union generals Ulysses S. Grant and Don Buell lead a force of some 63,000 against 40,335 Confederates led by generals Beauregard and Albert Johnston.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 7, 1862

The Battle of Shiloh ends in a Union victory. 13,047 Union soldiers are killed along with 10,699 Confederate soldiers.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


April 7, 1862

Union General Pope and his men cross the Mississippi River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 7, 1862

As many as 3,500 Confederate soldiers surrender at Tiptonville in Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 7, 1862

Island Number Ten along the Mississippi River, south of New Madrid, Missouri, is given up by the defending Confederate garrison.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 8, 1862

The Battle of Island Number Ten draws to a close as the Union claims the victory. Some 7,000 Confederates surrender in the aftermath.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 10, 1862

Once again President Abraham Lincoln is forced to plead for General McClellan to move to action in Virginia - comparing the current offensive with what was witnessed at Manassas some time earlier.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 11, 1862

Fort Pulaski in Georgia falls to Union forces. The forts strategic placement at the mouth of the Savannah River made it important for both sides.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 12, 1862

Event person portrait
In one of the more bizarre operations of the war, Union operatives steal the locomotive named "General" in Northern Georgia running between Atlanta, Georgia and Chattanooga, Tennessee. The event is known as the "Great Locomotive Chase". James J. Andrews is head of the Union effort consisting of volunteers. The locomotive is eventually recaptured and the thieves executed.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 14, 1862

A combined Union army-navy force takes New Bern, North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 16, 1862

Following the abolition of slavery in Washington, D.C., Congress pushes through a measure to compensate former slave owners in the D.C. area.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
April 19, 1862

A combined Union army-navy force takes Camden, North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 24, 1862

The Confederate fleet near New Orleans, Louisiana is destroyed by a Union force under the command of Flag Officer David Farragut.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 24, 1862

CSS Stonewall Jackson, launched in January of 1862, is driven ashore and burned and pressured by Union Navy elements.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 25, 1862

With no more fight left, Confederate forces surrender the important port city of New Orleans to Union elements.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 25, 1862

Fort Macon (Beaufort Harbor) along the North Carolina coast falls to Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 26, 1862

Confederate elements at Fort Macon surrender.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


April 28, 1862

Union forces lay siege to Corinth, Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 28, 1862

Confederate elements at Fort St. Philip and Fort Jackson (New Orleans) surrender to Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
April 29, 1862

Bridgeport, Alabama falls to Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 1, 1862

The Union capture of New Orleans is complete.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 1, 1862

Union General Sherman is promoted to the rank of Major General (of Volunteers).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 4, 1862

General McClellan's forces take Yorktown, Virginia. Land mines are first experienced here.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 5, 1862

The Battle of Williamsburg occurs with inconclusive results for both sides. General McClellan leads Union forces against General Johnston and Longstreet. Casualties total 2,283 for the North and 1,682 for the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 6, 1862

To face off against Union General John C. Fremont, Stonewall Jackson combines forces with Brigadier General Edward Johnson at Staunton, marching west to meet the enemy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 8, 1862

On this date the Battle of McDowell occurs - a one-day engagement pitting 6,500 Federals against 6,000 Confederates. Stonewall Jackson leads the latter and the battle goes down as a Confederate victory. Losses total 2,59 for the North and 420 for the South. Brigadier General Robert Milroy commanded the North.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 10, 1862

Norfolk Navy Yard is destroyer by exiting Confederate forces.

  Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 10, 1862

With Confederate forces having retreated out of Norfolk, Virginia, Union forces move in and claim the important seaside town.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 10, 1862

Pensacola, Florida falls to advancing Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 5, 1862

A Confederate river fleet voyages out of Memphis, Tennessee and meet a Union squadron - Southern forces are repelled in the ensuing battle.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 12, 1862

Having chased Union forces off north of Franklin (West Virginia), Stonewall Jackson turns back towards the Shenandoah Valley.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 12, 1862

Union forces occupy Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


May 12, 1862

Natchez, Mississippi is claimed by Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 13, 1862

Event person portrait
Robert Smalls, a slave of Charleston, South Carolina, frees himself and his crew by capturing CSS Planter. The ship is delivered to the Union blockade. This action assists in persuading President Lincoln to include blacks into the ranks of the U.S. Army and Navy services.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 14, 1862

Despite numerical superiority, General McClellan stops his advancing Union troops 20 miles outside of the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, to await inbound reinforcements.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 15, 1862

Confederate guns at Drewry's Bluff turn back the James River Flotilla approaching Richmond. The squadron had managed to reach within 8 miles of the Confederate capital city.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 15, 1862

Per General Butler's order, any woman insulting Union troops in New Orleans is to be treated as a prostitute.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 18, 1862

Thomas Jackson returns to the Shenandoah Valley en route to meet Union General Nathaniel P. Bank's force. He reaches Mount Solon, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 20, 1862

Jackson by-passes General Bank's force by way of the southeast side of Massanutten Mountain and up the Luray Valley.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 20, 1862

The Homestead Act is signed into law by President Lincoln. This is arranged to encourage western migration for settlers and offered to those who have not gone against the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 23, 1862

On this date, General Jackson engages Union forces in the Battle of Front Royal. The engagement ends as a Confederate victory with 773 Union elements killed to just 36 Confederates. John Reese Kenly commanded the North garrison. The action now threatens supply lines to General Bank's forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 24, 1862

A portable telegraph system is used operationally for the first time by Union forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
May 5, 1862

The First Battle of Winchester is had. Confederate Thomas Jackson is victorious over the Union forces led by Nathanial Banks. Banks had retreated to Winchester and was met by Jackson, who ultimately was able to secure victory and the town itself.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 25, 1862

President Lincoln, by telegraph, demands an attack on Richmond by General McClellan.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 27, 1862

Union General Banks retreats with his forces across the Potomac Rover with Thomas Jackson in hot pursuit. This ends the first phase of the Shenandoah Valley Campaign and claims several victories for the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 30, 1862

Falling to Union pressure, General Beauregard orders a withdrawal from Corinth, Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
May 30, 1862

Union forces are back in Front Royal, Virginia in the hopes of reclaiming captured forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


May 31, 1862

The Battle of Seven Pines (Battle of Fair Oaks) begins in Henrico County, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 1, 1862

The Battle of Seven Pines (Battle of Fair Oaks) ends as an inconclusive victory. Confederate General Joseph Johnston is badly wounded. Casualties amount to 6,134 Confederates against 5,031 Union fighters.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 2, 1862

Rose Greenhow, the Confederate spy known as "Rebel Rose", is banished to the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 6, 1862

Memphis, Tennessee is surrendered by Confederate forces following a running naval battle.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 6, 1862

Union guns open up on Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 8, 1862

The Battle of Cross Keys is had pitting a Union force of 11,500 led by General Fremont against 5,800 Confederates under General Ewell. The result is a Confederate victory with 664 Union casualties versus 287 Confederates.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 9, 1862

Union forces are driven back at Port Republic in Virginia during the one-day engagement known as the Battle of Port Republic. Union losses count 1,002 against the Confederate's 816.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 12, 1862

General Jeb Stuart begins a series of raids against Union forces in Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 15, 1862

Confederate General Jeb Stuart completes his raiding against General McClellan's forces in Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 16, 1862

The Battle of Secessionville takes place in Charleston, South Carolina. It is a Confederate victory by Nathan Evans and Thomas Lamar. Union General Henry Benham, who had violated orders in the engagement, is arrested

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 18, 1862

Confederate forces leave their positions at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 19, 1862

Per the United States Congress, slavery is now banned in Federal territories.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 24, 1862

Construction on a canal is started by Union engineers along the Mississippi River near heavily-defended Vicksburg. General Thomas Williams directs.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 25, 1862

The Seven Days Battles are begun - six major engagements spanning seven days and pitting forces of General McClellan against forces of General Robert E. Lee. It marks a Confederate victory though losses are heavy for both sides. the battles take place around the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia near Oak Grove.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 26, 1862

The Battle of Beaver Dam Creek - also Battle of Mechanicsville - is fought between General McClellan and General Robert E. Lee. Losses total 361 for the Union and 1,484 for the Confederates. However, the Union can only claim a tactical victory. This is the second battle of the Seven Days Battles.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


June 6, 1862

The Army of Virginia (formerly the Army of the Potomac) is now handed to General John Pope per President Lincoln's order.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 27, 1862

The third contest of the Seven Days Battles is fought during the Battle of Gaine's Mill. It is a Confederate victory by Robert E. Lee over McLellan.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 27, 1862

The Union Army of the Cumberland is now under the direction of General William Rosecrans.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
June 27, 1862

The fourth installment of the Seven Days Battles is fought during the Battle of Garnett's and Golding's Farm. It results as inconclusive and neither side fail to make headway. Losses are minimal by the war's standard - 189 Union elements to the Confederate's 438.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 28, 1862

Union Navy boats pass under the guns of Vicksburg to reach friendly forces up the Mississippi River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 29, 1862

The Battle of Savage's Station, the fifth of the Seven Days Battles, is fought. It is another inconclusive engagement with the Union suffering 1,038 casualties against the Confederate's 473. Sumner led the Union forces against Magruder. Union forces withdraw.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
June 30, 1862

The Battle of White Oak Swamp - as part of the Seven Days Battles - of fought and marks another inconclusive victory. Union General Franklin leads against Stonewall Jackson. Losses are minimal for both sides.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 1, 1862

The Seven Days Battles draw to a close. Casualties total 18,849 for the Union and as many as 20,100 for the Confederates. It is a Confederate victory nonetheless as General McClellan's forces fail to make progress. It makes the culmination of the Peninsular Campaign.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 1, 1862

The Battle of Booneville is fought at Booneville, Mississippi. Losses are light for both sides with the Union claiming the victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 1, 1862

A 5000-strong Confederate cavalry assault is repulsed by a much smaller Union force of 827 with Colonel Philip Sheridan in command.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 2, 1862

The United States Congress passes a law forcing oaths to the Union cause to be given by governmental and military officials.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 4, 1862

Colonel John Morgan begins his raids against Union-held Kentucky lands.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 5, 1862

The Battle of Lebanon takes place in Lebanon Kentucky. As many as 400 Union troops face off against 2,460 Confederates. The battle goes down as a Confederate victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 7, 1862

Under the direction of Union General Benjamin Butler, William Mumford is hanged in New Orleans for his April removal of an American flag.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 9, 1862

President Lincoln pays General McClellan a visit at Harrison's Landing in Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


July 13, 1862

Murfreesboro, Tennessee is taken by Confederate cavalry forces under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 14, 1862

The Medal of Honor award is approved by President Lincoln.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 14, 1862

The command of the Union Army of Virginia falls General John Pope.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 15, 1862

Confederate warship CSS Arkansas engages Union ships north of Vicksburg, Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 16, 1862

For the first time in US Naval history, the rrank of Rear Admiral is attained - the honor given to David Farragut.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 17, 1862

The First Battle of Cynthiana is had in Cynthiana, Kentucky. Confederate General John Morgan and his raiders are victorious in taking the town as well as its defending Union garrison.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 18, 1862

Newburgh, Indiana is captured by General Adam "Stovepipe" Johnson. In what became known as the "Newburgh Raid", Johnson was able to convince defending Union forces that his army was of considerable size though, in reality, it numbered twelve men and had two joints of stovepipe fitted to a wagon to simulate a cannon.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 21, 1862

The District of Memphis (Tennessee) now falls under the command of General Sherman.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
July 22, 1862

A prisoner exchange between Union and Confederate authorities is agreed upon.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 28, 1862

Confederate Colonel john Morgan completes his raids against Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 29, 1862

Event person portrait
Confederate female spy Belle Boyd is arrested.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
July 31, 1862

From a position at Coggin's Point in Virginia, Confederate guns manage little damage against Union warships located near Harrison's Landing.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 5, 1862

The Battle of Baton Rouge takes place on this date. Forces include 2,500 Union against 2,600 Confederate. The battle goes down as a Union victory with similar losses to both sides (371 and 478 respectively).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 5, 1862

Confederate Captain Alexander Todd is killed in fighting near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Todd is the brother-in-law of sitting President Abraham Lincoln. He is also the victim of friendly-fire.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 5, 1862

Union forces successfully defend Baton Rouge, Louisiana from a Confederate advance.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


August 8, 1862

Stonewall Jackson's forces cross the Rapidan River just north of Gordonsville to head off Union general Pope and his forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 9, 1862

Stonewall Jackson's forces are victorious over Union troops at Cedar Mountain, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 9, 1862

Nathaniel Banks' Union forces manage several victories before being driven back by Stonewall Jackson's forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 13, 1862

Allowed to work on the front lines by Union authorities, Clara Barton - founder of the Red Cross - attends to both friendly and enemy troops in the field. She would be present at the battles of Second Bull Run, Antietam and Fredricksburg thereafter.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 13, 1862

Confederate cavalry claim London, Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 18, 1862

Union General Pope is forced back over the Rappahannock River due to growing Confederate pressure.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 22, 1862

J.E.B. Stuart's Confederate cavalry forces raid around Catlett's Station (Virginia) and capture 300 Union troops, detailed plans and supplies.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 22, 1862

J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry raid brings him to Union General Pope army's rear.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 25, 1862

Stonewall Jackson begins a flanking maneuver against Pope's army.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 26, 1862

Stonewall Jackson and his forces are able to pass between Washington, D.C. and the army of General Pope.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 27, 1862

Ewell's division is ordered to Bristoe Station by Stonewall Jackson to delay Pope's arriving troops.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 27, 1862

Stonewall Jackson captures a major Union supply depot at Manassas Junction.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 28, 1862

The Second Battle of Bull Run officially begins. Confederate shelling is heard at 6:30PM. The action takes place around Brawner's Farm (Groveton).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 29, 1862

Event person portrait
Sigel's sector is strengthened by Major General Hooker's division by 1PM.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
August 30, 1862

General Longstreet's force, under Major General Richard Anderson and having arrived on the battlefield at 3AM, enacts a counterattack that ultimately pushes Union elements to retreat.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


August 30, 1862

The Second Battle of Bull Run ends as a considerable Confederate victory (as did the first). The Confederate forces were outnumbered man-to-man but managed significant casualties against the enemy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 1, 1862

The Battle of Chantilly (Virginia) - also known as "Ox Hill" - takes place. It ends inconclusively as both sides fail to gain the initiative. Casualties number 1,300 Union and 800 Confederate. The battle marks the end of the Northern Virginia Campaign that includes Second Bull Run.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 1, 1862

Event person portrait
Union General Isaac Stevens is killed at the Battle of Chantilly.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 1, 1862

Event person portrait
Union General Philip Kearny is killed at the battle of Chantilly.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 2, 1862

Union General Pope orders his forces to retreat to the outskirts of Washington, D.C.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 2, 1862

General George McClellan is appointed by President Lincoln to succeed outgoing General Pope as leader of the Army of Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 2, 1862

The Army of Virginia is renamed the Army of the Potomac.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 4, 1862

Near Leesburg, Virginia, the Army of Northern Virginia begins its crossing along the Potomac River.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 5, 1862

Event person portrait
Confederate forces under the command of General Braxton Bragg enter the state of Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 5, 1862

CSS Alabama captures the Ocmulgee in the Azores. This marks the Confederate vessel's first claim of a commercial vessel. The enemy ship is burned while its crew is taken prisoner.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 6, 1862

Confederate and Union ground forces clash at Washington, North Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 7, 1862

General Robert Lee has amassed his army at Frederick, Maryland.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 7, 1862

General George McClellan begins a slow advance away from Washington, D.C. to meet the Confederate threat emerging from Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 9, 1862

Special Orders 191 is given by General Lee, ordering a special column formation to be taken by his troops to increase the chances of overtaking Harpers Ferry and the Union forces garrisoned there.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 11, 1862

General Lee assigns General Longstreet to guard the approaches from the north while General Hill is given the task of the defending the approaches from the south of Harpers Ferry.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


September 11, 1862

General Jackson engages Union forces at Martinsburg and drives them back towards Harpers Ferry.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 13, 1862

The Army of the Potomac arrives at Frederick, Maryland. Once there, soldiers recover a copy of General Lee's plans.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 13, 1862

Captured Confederate plans are given over to Union General McClellan - who suspects the plans are a trap.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 14, 1862

The Battle of South Mountain takes place. It is a Union victory for General McClellan, General Burnside and General Franklin over General Lee and General Hill.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 14, 1862

The Battle of Crampton's Gap (Burkittsville) is a Union victory for General Franklin over General Cobb. Forces number 12,800 to 2,100, respectively.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 14, 1862

The Battle of South Mountain is had in Maryland leading to a Union victory. 28,000 Union troops square off against 18,000 Confederates. Losses for both sides are nearly equal.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 14, 1862

Event person portrait
Union General Jesse Lee Reno is killed at the Battle of South Mountain in Maryland.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

Harpers Ferry falls to Confederate forces under the command of General Jackson.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

General Jackson's forces open up with artillery strikes against Union forces at Harpers Ferry.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

The Battle of Harpers Ferry ends as a Confederate victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

A Confederate division under the command of General John Walker takes Loudoun Heights.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

General Dixon Miles quickly surrenders the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 15, 1862

General Lee arranges his army behind Antietam Creek near Sharpsburg, Maryland.

  Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 16, 1862

Confederate General Bragg claims Munfordville, Kentucky. Those Union defenders still alive are taken prisoner.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 16, 1862

Having suffered a mortal wound at the Battle of Harpers Ferry, General Dixon Miles dies.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date


September 17, 1862

The Battle of Antietam is had near Sharpsburg, Maryland and results of the one-day engagement are tactically inconclusive. 87,164 Union troops (led by McClellan) face off against 38,000 Confederates (led by Lee). Casualties are 12,410 and 10,316 respectively.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 17, 1862

Union forces at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee are driven away by the Confederates, leaving the remaining garrison to fend for itself.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 19, 1862

The Union Army claims a victory at the Battle of Iuka, driving off the now-retreating Confederates. The battle takes place near Iuka, Mississippi and involves 4,500 Union and 3,179 Confederates.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 20, 1862

Union forces attempt to take General Lee's army at Blackford's Ford after crossing the Potomac but are driven back.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 22, 1862

President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation is set to take effect on January 1st, 1863. The proclamation covers only those slaves in Confederate-governed states but excludes those border states supporting the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 23, 1862

Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation is published across newspapers in the North.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 25, 1862

Union warships bombard Confederates at Sabine City, Texas. The defenders are driven away.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
September 27, 1862

The First Regiment Louisiana Native Guards is formed. It marks the first Union Army regiment made up entirely of free blacks.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 29, 1862

Union General William Nelson is shot and killed by fellow Union General Jefferson C. Davis following an argument between the two men. Davis is later court-martialed.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
September 30, 1862

The First Battle of Newtonia is had in Newtonia, Missouri. 1,500 Union forces face a brigade of Indians which results in a Confederate victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 1, 1862

The Western Gunboat Fleet passes from the War Department to the Union Navy.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
October 3, 1862

Union forces gain the upper hand against the Confederates at Corinth, Mississippi. The battle marks one of the few uses of the bayonet charge in the whole of the war.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 5, 1862

Union naval forces claim Galveston, Texas.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 8, 1862

The Battle of Perryville is had in Boyle Country, Kentucky. It pits 22,000 Union against 16,000 Confederates and results in a Union strategic victory. Losses are 4,241 and 3,396 respectively.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 22, 1862

Union forces are driven off by defending Confederates at Yemassee in South Carolina.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


October 26, 1862

General McClellan leads his forces over the Potomac River into neighboring Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
October 28, 1862

The 79th U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment from Kansas is the first black regiment to see combat for Union forces. It is involved in clashes at Island Mounds, Missouri.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
October 30, 1862

Union General Buell, head of the Army of the Cumberland, is replaced by General Rosecrans.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
November 3, 1862

CSS Cotton and shoreline guns at Berwick Bay, Louisiana, drive away Union naval forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 3, 1862

Union ground forces, aided by five gunboats, attack Confederate positions at Bayou Teche in Louisiana.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 5, 1862

General Ambrose Burnside replaces General George McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac per President Lincoln's request.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
November 5, 1862

General Wade Hampton's forces are driven out of Barbee's Crossroads in Virginia by Union cavalry under the command of General Alfred Pleasonton.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 21, 1862

Union General Edwin Sumner calls for Confederate forces to surrender Fredricksburg.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 23, 1862

New Orleans is home to a large show of force as tens of thousands of infantry are paraded through the streets.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 28, 1862

General Wade Hampton directs a cavalry raid at Hartwood Church in Virginia against Union forces and captured nearly 100 men.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 28, 1862

Cane Hill, Arkansas is site to a modest clash of forces. The Union claims the victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
November 29, 1862

Following Union General Philip Kearny's death at the Battle of Chantilly in September of 1862, the Kearny Medal for Officers is established.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 1, 1862

The Union claims some 1.3 million troops to its numbers.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 1, 1862

Abraham Lincoln addresses the U.S. Congress. In his speech, he declares openness to allowing freed slaves the option to resettle in other countries.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 7, 1862

The Battle of Prairie Grove is had in Washington County, Arkansas. The one-day clash is a Union victory.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


December 7, 1862

The Union garrison at Hartsville, Tennessee falls to cavalry led by Colonel John Morgan.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 7, 1862

CSS Alabama is forced to release a captured steamer carrying 640 persons, including 140 Union troops, as it lacks the facilities to take them on.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 10, 1862

Dumbries, Virginia is raided by Confederate cavalry attached to General Wade Hampton's forces.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 11, 1862

Fredericksburg, Virginia is bombarded by artillery under General Burnside's direction.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 11, 1862

General Burnside's Union forces cross the Rappahannock River to reach Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 11, 1862

The Battle of Fredericksburg begins encompassing actions in Spotsylvania and Fredericksburg counties. The clashes pit a much smaller Confederate force of 78,513 against 122,009 Union troops. Commanders are General Lee (Confederate) against General Burnside (Union).

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 12, 1862

USS Cairo is sunk by an electrically-detonated Confederate naval mine. The action takes place at Yazoo River near Haines Bluff, Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 13, 1862

A Confederate cavalry raid into Dumbries, Virginia yields a wagon train and fifty prisoners for the attackers.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 13, 1862

General Burnside's larger force is beaten by General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as part of the Battle of Fredericksburg.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 14, 1862

Union General Benjamin Butler is relieved of command of the Department of the Gulf by General Nathaniel Banks.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 15, 1862

The Battle of Fredericksburg ends as a Confederate victory. Confederate numbers are 78,513 committed to action with losses numbering 4,201. Union numbers are 122,009 committed with 12,653 losses.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 16, 1862

Beginning on December 16th, 1861 and running into the New Year, cavalry raids led by Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest across eastern Tennessee are had.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 17, 1862

General Grant forces out all merchant Jews under his district control due to Treasury violations (black market dealings involving cotton). This is known as General order No.11 and includes Jews in Tennessee, Mississippi and Kentucky.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
December 17, 1862

General Hampton leads a two-day raid on Union positions near Occoquan, Virginia.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 20, 1862

Confederate forces destroy General Grant's base at Holly Springs in Mississippi.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


December 23, 1862

To dissuade further involvement of free blacks in Union ranks, the government of the South decrees that any captured freed slaves fighting under the Union banner face prosecution under local laws. This includes both punishment and execution for fighting the South.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 23, 1862

Confederate President Davis makes a call to label Union General Benjamin Butler an "outlaw" in response to Butler's earlier message regarding New Orleans' women.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 25, 1862

Union forces destroy the railway network at Vicksburg, Mississippi accessing both Louisiana and Texas.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 26, 1862

J.E.B. Stuart heads cavalry raids against Dumphries, Virginia, netting 200 prisoners. The raids span from December 26th into December 31st.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 26, 1862

Union forces are beaten back at Chickasaw Bayou in Vicksburg, Mississippi. This two-day engagement marks the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou. Again, a much smaller Confederate force bests a larger Union army. The battle spans into December 29th.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
December 31, 1862

The Battle of Stones River begins. Union General Rosecrans leads a force of 43,400 against 35,000 Confederates under General Bragg at Murfressboro, Tennessee. The battle is also known as the Second Battle of Murfreesboro.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 1, 1863

Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect. The proclamation does not cover those slaves residing in states within the Union itself.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 1, 1863

Union forces flee Galveston, Texas after a surprise attack by General Magruder and his men. The city is now firmly in Confederate control.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 1, 1863

Union Navy forces move back into position around Galveston, Texas, ensuring the naval blockade stays in place.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 2, 1863

The Battle of Stones River, also known as the Second Battle of Murfreesboro, comes to an end. It is a much-needed Union victory. Losses total 12,906 for the Union and 11,739 for the Confederates.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 4, 1863

President Lincoln is at odds with General Grant on the topic of expelling Jewish merchants operating within Grant's military district. He calls on Grant to repeal the earlier expulsion order.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date
January 8, 1863

Springfield, Missouri is raided by a combined Confederate cavalry force led by General Marmaduke and Colonel Quantrill.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 11, 1863

The Union Army claims Fort Hindman off the Arkansas River near Little Rock. Union Navy gunboats assist in the successful action.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 11, 1863

USS Hatteras is sunk by CSS Alabama near Galveston, Texas.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date
January 14, 1863

Bayou Teche, Louisiana is site to another Union-versus-Confederate engagement. This action involves both land forces and gunboat support for the Union.

Flag signifying Union involvement on this date   Flag signifying Confederate involvement on this date


January 15, 1863

CSS Florida conducts various raids down the East Coast of the United States and beyond, her journey beginning in the port-city of Mobile, Alabama.